![]() We further demonstrate near-100% position-controlled particle trapping at voltages as low as 0.45 V with nanodiamonds, nanobeads, and DNA from bulk solution within seconds. We have fabricated locally backgated devices with an 8-nm-thick HfO2 dielectric layer and chemical-vapor-deposited graphene to generate 10× higher gradient forces as compared to metal electrodes. Graphene-edge dielectrophoresis pushes the physical limit of gradient-force-based trapping by creating atomically sharp tweezers. Here we show that atomically sharp edges of monolayer graphene can generate singular electrical field gradients for trapping biomolecules via dielectrophoresis. As with other surface-based biosensors, however, the performance is limited by the diffusive transport of target molecules to the surface. The many unique properties of graphene, such as the tunable optical, electrical, and plasmonic response make it ideally suited for applications such as biosensing. Paulose Nadappuram B, Edel JB, Low T, Koester SJ, Oh SH et al., 2017, Graphene-edge dielectrophoretic tweezers for trapping of biomolecules, Nature Communications, Vol: 8, Pages: 1-9, ISSN: 2041-1723 ![]() We demonstrate the efficacy of this material in producing singlet oxygen and killing Staphylococcus aureus and suggest how it might be easily modifiable for future antimicrobial surface development. We use boron-dipyrromethane with a reactive end group and incorporated Br atoms, covalently attached to poly(dimethylsiloxane). Here, we describe a more efficient method of fabricating a silicone material with a covalently attached monolayer of photoactivating agent that uses heavy-atom triplet sensitization for improved singlet oxygen generation and corresponding antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, there is a risk that the agent will leach from the polymer and thus raises issues of biocompatibility and patient safety. However, many of these surfaces require a swell-encapsulation-shrink strategy to incorporate the photoactive agents in a polymer matrix, and this is resource intensive, given that only the surface fraction of the agent is active against bacteria. The development of photoactivated antimicrobial surfaces that kill pathogens through the production of singlet oxygen has proved very effective in recent years, with applications in medical devices and hospital touch surfaces, to improve patient safety and well being. Hwang GB, Crick CR, Allan E, Edel JB, Ivanov AP, MacRobert AJ, Parkin IP et al., 2018, Covalently attached antimicrobial surfaces using BODIPY: improving efficiency and effectiveness, ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Vol: 10, Pages: 98-104, ISSN: 1944-8244
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